A paradox is a statement that apparently contradicts itself and yet might be true (or false at the same time). It can also consist of two or more propositions, each of which, when considered alone, is supported by apparently sound arguments but which, when considered together, turn out to be mutually contradictory.[1]
This page also lists some dilemmas. A dilemma (Greek: δίλημμα “double proposition“) is a problem offering two possibilities, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable.
- Abilene paradox
- Achilles and the Tortoise Paradox
- Agrippa’s trilemma (in prep)
- Allais paradox
- Arrow’s impossibility theorem
- Banach–Tarski paradox
- Berry paradox
- Barbershop Paradox
- Bottle imp paradox
- Buridan’s Ass
- Catch-22
- Condorcet paradox
- Curry’s paradox
- Determinism vs ethics
- Discursive dilemma
- Drinker paradox
- Ellsberg paradox
- Euthyphro dilemma
- The Problem of Evil
- Fitch’s paradox of knowability
- The Free Will Paradox
- Galileo’s paradox
- Grandfather Paradox
- Grelling-Nelson Paradox
- Infinite hotel paradox
- Kripgenstein’s rule following paradox
- The Liar’s Paradox
- Lottery paradox
- Paradoxes of material implication
- Moore’s paradox
- Munchausen’s trilemma
- Newcomb’s paradox
- New riddle of induction
- The Paradox of Thrift
- Paradoxes of probability and other statistical strangeness
- Potato paradox
- Predestination paradox
- Preface paradox
- Prisoner’s dilemma
- Raven paradox
- Richard’s paradox
- Rich Guest Paradox
- Russell’s Paradox
- Simpson’s Paradox
- St. Petersburg paradox
- Streisand Effect
- Theseus’s Paradox
- The paradox of tolerance
- Poe’s Law
- The Wheel Paradox
References
[1] Stent, G. S. (2002) Paradoxes of free will American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.
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The Logical Place 
From ChatGPT-4: A paradox is a statement, proposition, or situation that seems to be self-contradictory, logically inconsistent, or absurd, but upon further investigation, might express a deeper truth or reveal hidden complexities. Paradoxes often challenge our understanding of concepts, systems, or reasoning, and can lead to the reevaluation or refinement of established ideas or theories.
There are many types of paradoxes, including logical paradoxes, mathematical paradoxes, and philosophical paradoxes. Some well-known examples include the liar paradox, the barber paradox, Zeno’s paradoxes, and the grandfather paradox. Paradoxes can be used as thought experiments, as tools for exploring philosophical ideas, or as a means to identify gaps or inconsistencies in our understanding of the world.
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